Handguns
When we talk about handguns, we see what the concept covers, but rarely with any precision. Here's a rundown on the subject: the characteristics of the weapons that fall into this category and what you need to know about handling them.
Definition of a handgun
The characteristics of a handgun are that it has a short barrel and can be held with one hand.
A handgun has a small overall volume, which allows it to be carried at all times without taking up too much space. This compactness means that a handgun is usually small in calibre and has a random accuracy. This is what differentiates it from a long gun.
Its handling
Learning to handle a handgun means mastering the trigger, since the hand that holds the gun is also the one that fires the shot.
In order not to lose accuracy, the shooter must pull the trigger with sufficient force, without deviating from the aiming axis. This requires time and composure, as the recoil caused by the triggering of a shot, in addition to the risk of loss of accuracy, can also make the shooter feel apprehensive.
The different category B handguns
Firearms that fall into the category of handguns are revolvers and pistols. There is often a tendency, mistakenly, to use the two terms interchangeably. However, they are two systems that function differently.
- As a reminder, a revolver is a firearm where the chambers are rotated in front of the barrel, hence the name, taken from the term "revolving", which defines this action. The advantage of this system is that it reloads automatically. On the other hand, it is rather slow to reload, as the space between the barrel and the cylinder causes the charge to lose power.
- A pistol, on the other hand, is a firearm where the barrel and chambers are always aligned. The capacity of a pistol is greater than that of a revolver, and it is also more compact. Originally, the pistol was considered less reliable than the revolver, but technical developments have meant that this criterion is no longer considered relevant in deciding between the two.
The legislation on category B handguns
Handguns are considered to be category B weapons. As such, their possession is of course subject to authorisation. The permit can be issued for a maximum of 5 years, after which it must be renewed.
Obtaining a detention permit
To obtain this authorisation, it is necessary to prove that you practice shooting as a leisure activity. This means presenting a valid medical certificate, being of age, having a shooting licence and therefore having received a favourable opinion from the French shooting sports federation.
Minors may hold a handgun only if they can prove that they have been selected for an international shooting competition and present a parental authorisation.
The application for authorisation to purchase and hold a handgun must be made to the prefecture to which you belong. The complete list of documents to be provided is available on the institutional websites.
The other case in which it is possible to request authorisation to purchase and hold a handgun, in a defence context, is that of professional risk. The justification for this risk must be clear and precise, and the issuing of an authorisation in this case is highly regulated. As a reminder, any failure to comply with the legislation may result in financial penalties and a prison sentence.
Category D handguns
Category D handguns are also pistols and revolvers, but they are non-lethal. They are used for home defence or recreational purposes. As a result, most models are freely available to those over 18 years of age.
- Pellet guns and revolvers are powered by compressed air or CO2. With compressed air, you have to bend the barrel between shots to be able to fire, whereas with CO2, you can fire several times in a row. Like pellet rifles, these weapons are used for recreational purposes.
- Alarm pistols and revolvers are suitable for home defence. They project blank bullets or gas bullets. These weapons can be replicas of existing models.
- Black powder pistols and revolvers are replicas of old weapons. They are loaded with bullets, primers and powder as they were in the past. They are intended for enthusiasts, collectors or re-enactors.
Category C handguns
Category C handguns are pistols and revolvers that are used for home defence. More dangerous than alarm weapons, they are classified in this category. Various documents must be presented in order to obtain them and to declare them after purchase.
- Gumshoe pistols and revolvers project rubber balls or buckshot (several projectiles in one shot). Unlike alarm weapons, they are not replicas of existing models.